The fueling differences btw stock and the Dinan, COBB, Giac, and OE Tuning flashes are significant. I haven't seen any explanations or rationale for why the aftermarket flashes are so much richer. I'm not doubting the reasons for the richer afr and certainly understand them. It has been pointed out that the procede and jb3 are not capable of achieving the rich afr in the low and mid rpm ranges. I'd really be interested in seeing a log with afr using the BT tool at WOT in the 14psi overboost. I'd like to know what afr BMW calls for at 14 psi with stock equipment.